Utilitarianism of J. Bentham and J. S. Mill: From Virtue to Rationality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu05.2017.102Abstract
The article is devoted to the utilitarian conversion in the behavior analysis from moral value to rationality in the works of J. Bentham and J. S. Mill. Methodologically, Bentham and Mill restrict the formulation of human ends and moral estimation by the observed facts. From the ethical point of view, happiness is considered as the universal homogeneous aim without any difference between desire and duty. So, the determination of the long-term and the publically relevant consequences of individual acts constitute the correct behavior. Finally, utilitarianism focuses on the scientific norm of rationality instead of the virtue as an ethical value.
Keywords:
ethics and economics, utilitarianism, virtue, rationality, utility, happiness, Mill, Bentham
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Articles of the St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies are open access distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution and self-archiving free of charge.